Can I obtain the data used to create the storm surge interactive risk maps? The storm surge interactive risk maps show storm surge risk as a function of categories in the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. How is this possible considering the recent removal of storm surge from the Saffir-Simpson Scale? The storm surge interactive risk maps are different from my local hurricane evacuation zones.
Which is correct? According to the storm surge interactive risk maps, I live along the edge of an area susceptible to inundation. Does this mean my home is safe from the potential impacts from storm surge?
What is storm surge vs. These input parameters are needed to create a model of the wind field. A sample output can be seen here for Hurricane Ike. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines.
These basins represent sections of coastline that are centered upon particularly susceptible features: inlets, large coastal centers of population, low-lying topography, and ports.
An example of a typical computational domain, or basin, is the New Orleans basin. Updates are driven by a number of different factors. These updates are provided to the National Hurricane Center's Storm Surge Unit in order to conduct storm surge simulation studies.
Does not model the impacts from waves Does not model astronomical tide explicitly Operational runs can be run at varying water level anomalies to model the water level conditions at the onset of operational runs Does not model normal river flow and rain What are vertical datums, and why are they so important?
A vertical datum is an established surface that serves as a reference to measure or model heights and depths. All water level observations, including SLOSH storm surge heights, are referenced as height above a vertical reference datum. It is important to note that when comparing water level observations e.
This is simply referencing storm surge as height above ground level. The amplitude of the storm surge at any given location depends on the orientation of the coast line with the storm track; the intensity, size, and speed of the storm; and the local bathymetry.
Storm tide is the total observed seawater level during a storm, resulting from the combination of storm surge and the astronomical tide. Astronomical tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and the moon and have their greatest effects on seawater level during new and full moons—when the sun, the moon, and the Earth are in alignment. As a result, the highest storm tides are often observed during storms that coincide with a new or full moon.
Storm Surge and Coastal Inundation. That information will help public officials assess storm damage, discern between wind and flood damage, and improve computer models used to forecast future floods. During a hurricane, there also may be a need to collect additional real-time storm-tide data to assist emergency management agencies to monitor storms from remote locations and make critical public safety decisions.
The fixed real-time coastal network may not provide complete coverage of the coast and there may be locations where a temporarily deployed real-time gage would fill data gaps. The general approach for the real-time rapid deployment gage is a pre-fabricated "gage-in-a-box" that can be quickly attached to a bridge rail with little or no modification to the bridge structure.
The design uses a radar water-level sensor housed in a small aluminum shelter along with telemetry equipment, solar panel, and antenna. It is feasible that a crew could deploy 3 or 4 temporary real-time gages in a day prior to a storm. To augment the fixed location real-time gaging networks and temporary rapid deployment gages, a temporary network of hurricane storm surge sensors can be deployed prior to a hurricane.
As part of this monitoring approach, water-level and barometric-pressure sensors are deployed to areas of projected hurricane landfall. The addition of these sensors creates a concentrated network of storm-tide monitors which provide more spatially dense monitoring of hurricane storm tide. For example, temporary deployment of sensors in the projected hurricane path can be placed to monitor the escalation and attenuation of the hurricane tide along coastal rivers and across barrier islands, low-lying areas, and wetlands.
There are two types of temporary storm surge sensors, the first type has a permanent bracket where the elevation has been previously surveyed and recorded. When a storm approaches the sensors can be quickly installed in the brackets and retrieved immediately after the storm. The second type can be deployed anywhere but require elevation surveys after the storm. What does a storm-tide sensor look like? The top will have a metal or PVC cap and the bottom will be open for the water to enter.
The sensor housing protects a water-level pressure sensor inside. The sticker may be yellow or aluminum in color. If you find a sensor and have questions about it, please call the phone number on the sticker. What type of data do the sensors collect? Water-level and barometric pressure are recorded every 30 seconds for most sites. Sensors located on beaches record wave height every 2 seconds.
The recording period lasts for 1 to 3 days depending on the magnitude of the storm and post-storm access to the sensor sites. What is a storm-tide sensor deployment? The USGS has developed a mobile network of rapidly deployable instruments with which to observe and document hurricane-induced storm-surge as they make landfall and interact with coastal features.
With the SWaTH network, the USGS is able to improve its response time when monitoring coastal-storm tide and riverine flooding related to hurricanes and nor'easters. Why are you undertaking this work? The work will enable USGS to compile data so that we can quantify storm-tide dynamics wave heights, forces, speeds, and extent for various storm conditions, topographies, ecologies, built environments, and land uses.
This information will lead to better storm-tide models and more accurate flood forecasts, while informing decisions on designs of flood-protection infrastructure and future land use policies.
What is the nature of the work? Storm-tide sensors non-vented pressure transducers are strapped to bridge piers, power and light poles, and other structures along the coast.
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